Rapid Review 3 of a Psychoactive Drug Paper – PSY 630

Rapid Review 3 of a Psychoactive Drug Paper

Rapid Review 3 of a Psychoactive Drug Paper

Select a psychoactive drug that is of pharmacological interest to you, but not one you will review as part of your Critical Review or one that was included in your previous Rapid Reviews. For this paper, you may choose drugs of abuse; however, the paper must focus on the pharmacology of the drug and not on the social or addictive aspects. If you focus on addiction and social impact, your paper will not receive credit.

In addition to the text, research a minimum of three peer-reviewed articles published within the last five years on your selected drug. Prepare a three-page summary of the drug using the as a guide.
In your Rapid Review, analyze and explain the pharmacological aspects of the drug as they relate to the following: neurotransmitters affected, receptors, route of administration, half-life, doses, side effects, drug interactions, contraindications, and other important facets of the drug. Explain these aspects of the drug in terms of the psychiatric disorders indicated for the drug and the issue(s) associated with that use. If there is no accepted therapeutic use for the drug, evaluate and describe the actions of the drug with regard to the abuse process.

The paper:

• Must be three to five double-spaced pages in length, excluding title page and references page, and it must be formatted according to APA style as outlined in the
• Must include a title page with the following:
  • Title of paper
  • Your name
  • Course name and number
  • Your instructor’s name
  • Date submitted
• Must address the topic of the paper with critical thought.
• Must use at least three peer-reviewed sources in addition to the text.
• Must document all sources in APA style as outlined in the Ashford Writing Center.
• Must include a separate references page that is formatted according to APA style as outlined in the Ashford Writing Center.

Carefully review the Grading Rubric (Links to an external site.)Links to an external site. for the criteria that will be used to evaluate your assignment.

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Rapid Review 3 of a Psychoactive Drug Paper – PSY 630

PSY 630 Week 1 Discussion | Assignment Help | Ashford University

Variations in Drug Response

Using the knowledge you gained from the readings, evaluate how a typical drug, when orally administered, may be handled differently by these two patients:

Ms. Jones is a 30-year-old female personal trainer that is 5’ 4” tall weighing 110lbs. She regularly drinks socially and sometimes more than a bit when she meets with her bi-weekly book club.

Mr. Smith is a 65-year-old software tester who is 6’ tall and weighs 235lbs. He drinks only occasionally.

Assume no other significant medical history or issues with either patient. In your analysis, compare how the two patients will metabolize the drug considering weight, gender, distribution of body water and body fat, age, metabolic state, and alcohol use. Explain how these factors impact the pharmacokinetics of the drug (half-life, dosage, route of administration, and elimination of the drug). Evaluate the impact on the risk-benefits analysis of the use of this drug.

Guided Response: Review several of your colleagues’ posts and respond substantively to at least two of your peers by 11:59 p.m. on Day 7 of the week.

You are encouraged to post your required replies earlier in the week to promote more meaningful interactive discourse in this discussion. Assess your peers’ responses for the correctness of their statements, their integration of the pertinent aspects of each patient’s situation, and their views of the risk-benefits analysis.  Please use information from the required resources to support your statements. Continue to monitor the discussion forum until 5:00 p.m. Mountain Standard Time (MST) on Day 7 of the week and respond to anyone who replies to your initial post.

PSY 630 Week 1 Assignment Help | Ashford University

Select a Topic for Your Critical Review

Select the topic for your Critical Review, which is due in Week Six, and briefly analyze its key features and path physiology. You may select from any of the following psychiatric disorders: schizophrenia (or schizotypal disorders), bipolar disorder, depression, any of the anxiety disorders, PTSD, chronic pain disorders, Alzheimer’s disease,  Parkinson’s disease or other movement disorder, seizures, ADD/ADHD, autism, OCD, any personality disorder, brain trauma, stroke, encephalitis, meningitis, or migraines.  Other topics may be chosen, with approval of your instructor.

Other topics may be considered but require prior approval by the instructor. However, addiction is not the emphasis of the course. Critical Reviews focusing on addiction, or drugs of addiction, will not be accepted. Your paper must focus on drug treatment and not on other modes of treatment. Papers that discuss psychotherapy, other than in passing, will not be given credit. Ask your instructor for clarification.

Explain your chosen psychiatric disorder in terms of neurotransmitter and receptor theories. Describe the symptomology of the disorder and its relationship with the neurotransmitters involved. Discuss the anatomic changes seen with the disorder. Explain the relationship between neurotransmitter and anatomic features and resultant symptoms. Summarize the interaction(s) between the behavioral, neuroanatomical, and neurotransmitter changes seen within the selected disorder.

The paper:

• Must be three to five double-spaced pages in length (not including title and references pages) and formatted according to APA style as outlined in the
• Must include a separate title page with the following:

o    Title of paper

o    Student’s name

o    Course name and number

o    Instructor’s name

o    Date submitted

• Must use at least three peer-reviewed sources from the Ashford University Library. These may include the required articles for the assignment.
• Must document all sources in APA style as outlined in the Ashford Writing Center.
• Must include a separate references page that is formatted according to APA style as outlined in the Ashford Writing Center.

PSY 630 Week 1 Quiz | Assignment Help | Ashford University

Question 1

A drug that can pass rapidly and easily through the capillary wall surrounding the brain must be:

Question 2

In the context of polypharmacy, doses may be selected that are ineffective due to side effects– a phenomenon referred to as:

Question 3

“Biotransformation” is carried out by the following organ: _____.  It usually involves making drug _____ water soluble. The increased ability of this organ to carry out biotransformation after repeated exposure to a drug is termed _____ tolerance. The increased ability of this organ to bio transform drugs other than the one administered previously is termed _____.

Question 4

Bill has been taking Prozac (fluoxetine., a selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor), for his depression for some time now. However, he has found that the drug has become less effective over time. This effect may be due to the receptor:

Question 5

The presence of the placental barrier means that drugs will be _____ in concentration when compared to concentrations in the maternal bloodstream.

PSY 630 Week 2 Discussion | Assignment Help | Ashford University

Pharmacological and Physiological Antagonism

Prior to beginning work on this discussion, read the required chapters from the text and review the required articles for this week. Alcohol and caffeine have nearly opposite effects on behaviour and the nervous system, yet these substances are not used to treat overdose or addiction to the other. Why not use caffeine to treat alcohol addiction? Analyze the issues of pharmacological and physiological antagonism.

Explain the receptor systems involved and the central nervous system structures effects with regard to this question. Frame your analysis in terms of drug action first and other consequences second.

PSY 630 Week 2 Quiz | Assignment Help | Ashford University

Question 1

The second step in the metabolism of ethanol is converted to:

Question 2

Nicotine is thought to _____ nicotinic receptors on _____ neurons.

Question 3

Juan suffers from headaches.  He takes over-the-counter medications for pain relief but also drinks a can of Monster®. The effects of the caffeine in the energy drink cause _____ of the cerebral blood vessels and _____ blood flow to the brain.

Question 4

Drinking alcohol on an empty stomach:

Question 5

Rapid gastric emptying ______ the time that ethanol is susceptible to gastric metabolism and results in _____ blood ethanol levels.

PSY 630 Week 3 Discussion | Assignment Help | Ashford University

Issues behind Addictive Drug Use

Prior to beginning work on this discussion, read the required chapters from the text and review the required articles for this week. Humans have engaged in psychoactive drug use, sometimes in formal (ceremonial) settings and sometimes recreationally, since before recorded history. It has only been in the last century or so that abuse and addiction have become large-scale problems.

Using the literature and your own insights into these issues, formulate an argument as to why the problem has reached its current scale.  In your discussion, evaluate the employment of psychoactive drugs from the aspects of a risk-benefits analysis and ethical considerations such as the risk of addiction versus the cost of punitive action. Also explain purely pharmacological issues such as pharmacokinetics and routes of drug administration and dose. If needed, include factors such as supply, cultural attitudes to drug use, and the context of drug use.

PSY 630 Week 3 Assignment Help | Ashford University

Rapid Review 1

Select a psychoactive drug that is of pharmacological interest to you, but not one you will review as part of your Critical Review. For this paper, you may choose drugs of abuse; however, the paper must focus on the pharmacology of the drug and not on the social or addictive aspects. If you focus on addiction and social impact, your paper will not receive credit.

In addition to the text, research a minimum of three peer-reviewed articles published within the last five years on your selected drug. Prepare a three-page summary of the drug using the PSY630 Rapid Review Example paper as a guide.

In your Rapid Review, analyze and explain the pharmacological aspects of the drug as they relate to the following: neurotransmitters affected, receptors, route of administration, half-life, doses, side effects, drug interactions, contraindications, and other important facets of the drug. Explain these aspects of the drug in terms of the psychiatric disorders indicated for the drug and the issue(s) associated with that use. If there is no accepted therapeutic use for the drug, evaluate and describe the actions of the drug with regard to the abuse process.

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The paper:

• Must be three to five double-spaced pages in length, excluding title page and references page, and it must be formatted according to APA style as outlined in the
• Must include a title page with the following:

o    Title of paper

o    Your name

o    Course name and number

o    Your instructor’s name

o    Date submitted

• Must address the topic of the paper with critical thought.
• Must use at least three peer-reviewed sources in addition to the text.
• Must document all sources in APA style as outlined in the Ashford Writing Center.
• Must include a separate references page that is formatted according to APA style as    outlined in the Ashford Writing Center.

PSY 630 Week 3 Quiz | Assignment Help | Ashford University

Question 1

Hashish and marijuana differ mainly in their:

Question 2

The ant cholinergic psychedelics _____ pupil size and _____ heart rate, respectively.

Question 3

The therapeutic use(s. of amphetamine is(are):

Question 4

All of the following are effects produced by normal doses of amphetamine EXCEPT:

Question 5

Treatment of cannabis withdrawal and craving involves all of the following EXCEPT:

PSY 630 Week 4 Assignment Help | Ashford University

Treatment of Schizophrenia and Depression

Prior to beginning work on this discussion, read the required chapters from the text and review the required articles for this week.

Taking on the role of the expert in the treatment of schizophrenia or depression, you will prepare a presentation for a group of physicians who are seeking your opinion on the treatment of patients with these disorders. For this interactive assignment, you will create and upload a 5- to10-slide PowerPoint presentation as well as a five-minute screencast of the presentation to share with your peers.

For this presentation, select either schizophrenia or depression as the basis for your presentation. Begin by creating your PowerPoint presentation. In the presentation, include information which explains the neurotransmitter theory behind the disorder and how the drugs used to treat the disorder affect those neurotransmitter systems.

Evaluate the risk and benefits of treating a patient with the most common type of medication and of not using drugs to treat the patient. In your evaluation, examine issues such as the rate of success with the most common drugs used as well as the incidence of side effects with these same drugs, including mortality associated with drug use. Then consider not using medications to treat the disorder. Take into account the natural course of the illness, the rate of spontaneous recovery, and the rate of mortality when untreated. You may also incorporate the use of other modes of treatment into your evaluation.

Your PowerPoint must include your presenter notes in the notes field to indicate what you intend to say during the screencast and well-chosen images to enhance the understanding of your audience. Remember that your screencast will be a maximum of five-minutes, and use your speaker notes to ensure that you will be able to present your materials within this time limit. (You may access  for additional assistance in creating an effective visual presentation.) Once you have created your PowerPoint you will create a screencast presentation of up to 5 minutes in length using any screen casting software you choose. (Quick-Start Guides are available for for your convenience.) Attach your PowerPoint file to your intial post and include the URL for your screencast in the body of the post before submitting it.

Note to Students: This assignment requires that you produce a visual presentation, supply a spoken audio narrative, and to listen the audio narrative of others.  Note you are also asked to provide a transcript of your presentation.  If you have a documented disability accommodation that might interfere with your ability to complete this assignment you may contact your instructor to develop a comparable alternative assignment.  If you have other issues that you feel may be a barrier to your ability to complete this course or this assignment please contacts the Office of Access and Wellness at: .

PSY 630 Week 4 Assignment Help 2 | Ashford University

Rapid Review 2

Select a psychoactive drug that is of pharmacological interest to you, but not one you will review as part of your Critical Review or one that was included in your previous Rapid Review. For this paper, you may choose drugs of abuse; however, the paper must focus on the pharmacology of the drug and not on the social or addictive aspects.  If you focus on addiction and social impact, your paper will not receive credit.

In addition to the text, research a minimum of three peer-reviewed articles published within the last five years on your selected drug. Prepare a three-page summary of the drug using the PSY630 Rapid Review Example paper as a guide.

In your Rapid Review, analyze and explain the pharmacological aspects of the drug as they relate to the following: neurotransmitters affected, receptors, route of administration, half-life, doses, side effects, drug interactions, contraindications, and other important facets of the drug. Explain these aspects of the drug in terms of the psychiatric disorders indicated for the drug and the issue(s) associated with that use. If there is no accepted therapeutic use for the drug, evaluate and describe the actions of the drug with regard to the abuse process.

The paper:

• Must be three to five double-spaced pages in length, excluding title page and references page, and it must be formatted according to APA style as outlined in the
• Must include a title page with the following:

o    Title of paper

o    Your name

o    Course name and number

o    Your instructor’s name

o    Date submitted

• Must address the topic of the paper with critical thought.
• Must use at least three peer-reviewed sources in addition to the text.
• Must document all sources in APA style as outlined in the Ashford Writing Center.
• Must include a separate references page that is formatted according to APA style as outlined in the Ashford Writing Center.

PSY 630 Week 4 Quiz | Assignment Help | Ashford University

Question 1

The most common cause of death by Fentanyl overdose is:

Question 2

The single best predictor of antipsychotic efficacy in a drug is an affinity for _____ receptors.

Question 3

_____ is a combination of fluoxetine and olanzapine (an atypical antipsychotic) that has been formulated for the treatment of depressive episodes associated with bipolar disorder.

Question 4

Haloperidol (Haldol. is an example of a(n. ________ drug.

Question 5

Codeine is metabolized to:

PSY 630 Week 5 Discussion | Assignment Help | Ashford University

Risks, Benefits, and Diagnosis

Prior to beginning work on this discussion, read the required chapters from the text and review the required articles for this week.

The risk-benefit calculation for any drug assumes a correct diagnosis of the disorder. Many investigators and clinicians feel the current epidemic of child psychiatric disorders is largely due to inappropriate diagnosis. Evaluate the risk and benefits of using psychoactive drugs in children correctly diagnosed with a disorder versus those incorrectly diagnosed with a disorder. Consider the risks and benefits of not treating (drug treatment) a child because he or she is not correctly diagnosed with a disorder.

In your evaluation summarize the natural course of the disorder, the drug action on the neurotransmitter systems in question, and the likelihood of short-term, long-term, and permanent positive and negative effects of drug treatment. Make sure to take into account the ethical dimension of this risk-benefit calculation.

PSY 630 Week 5 Quiz | Assignment Help | Ashford University

Question 1

Lithium:

Question 2

Neuropathic pain is often treated with:

Question 3

Of the mood stabilizers, _____ is considered to be the most teratogenic medication resulting in the highest rate of major congenital malformations.

Question 4

The use of barbiturates has declined over the years for all of the following reasons EXCEPT:

Question 5

If your grandmother was born in the 1930s and developed mild epilepsy when she was in her 20’s (the 1950s), she would have most likely have been treated with:

PSY 630 Week 5 Assignment Help | Ashford University

Rapid Review 3

Select a psychoactive drug that is of pharmacological interest to you, but not one you will review as part of your Critical Review or one that was included in your previous Rapid Reviews. For this paper, you may choose drugs of abuse; however, the paper must focus on the pharmacology of the drug and not on the social or addictive aspects.  If you focus on addiction and social impact, your paper will not receive credit.

In addition to the text, research a minimum of three peer-reviewed articles published within the last five years on your selected drug. Prepare a three-page summary of the drug using the PSY630 Rapid Review Example paper as a guide.

In your Rapid Review, analyze and explain the pharmacological aspects of the drug as they relate to the following: neurotransmitters affected, receptors, route of administration, half-life, doses, side effects, drug interactions, contraindications, and other important facets of the drug. Explain these aspects of the drug in terms of the psychiatric disorders indicated for the drug and the issue(s) associated with that use. If there is no accepted therapeutic use for the drug, evaluate and describe the actions of the drug with regard to the abuse process.

The paper:

• Must be three to five double-spaced pages in length, excluding title page and references page, and it must be formatted according to APA style as outlined in the
• Must include a title page with the following:

o    Title of paper

o    Your name

o    Course name and number

o    Your instructor’s name

o    Date submitted

• Must address the topic of the paper with critical thought.
• Must use at least three peer-reviewed sources in addition to the text.
• Must document all sources in APA style as outlined in the Ashford Writing Center.

.Must include a separate references page that is formatted according to APA style.

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PSY 630 Week 6 Discussion 1 | Assignment Help | Ashford University

Treatment Overview

Prior to beginning work on this discussion, read the required chapters from the text and review the required articles for this week. Over the course of the past weeks, we have considered the use of medications in the treatment of various psychological disorders. This discussion will provide you with an opportunity to give an informed appraisal on the use of drugs to treat disorders and defend your stance based on your judgment of the literature. In your initial post, describe what you believe are the greatest strengths and weaknesses of using the medications to treat psychological disorders.

Evaluate the employment of psychoactive drugs in the treatment of disorders over the lifespan from both an ethical and risk-benefits perspective. Summarize the theories of psychiatric disease and the scientific rationale behind its treatment through the employment of drug therapies. Explain what you believe to be the greatest challenges in the use of psychoactive medications over the next several years. Support your statements with references and logical arguments.

PSY 630 Week 6 Assignment Help | Ashford University

Critical Review

The final assignment for this class will be a 10-page critical review of the drug treatment for a psychiatric disorder (broadly defined to include psychological and neurological disorders as well). The review will use peer-reviewed sources to evaluate the current drug treatment modalities for the selected disorder and determine the adequacy of those treatments. The paper will be evaluated on the inclusion of the following information: Rapid Review 3 of a Psychoactive Drug Paper – PSY 630

Introduction

Evaluate the disorder in terms of symptomatic and behavioral presentation. Include the time, course, and progression of the disorder. Evaluate and explain special features of the disease epidemiology.

Theory
Evaluate the predominant theory or theories regarding the biological basis of the disorder. Explain the disorder in terms of pertinent neurotransmitter and receptor theories and describe the pertinent evidence of their involvement.  Analyze the neurotransmitter systems in terms of the involved receptors and the use receptor agonists and antagonists in the treatment of the disorder receptor. Include information on the anatomic changes to the central nervous system as appropriate to the topic.

Treatment 
Evaluate drug therapies for treating the disorder based on the current understanding of the biological basis of the disorder and the corresponding behavioral effects of the disorder. Explain pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics in relation to the disorder and corresponding drug treatment. Describe any side effects and adverse effects of the drug treatment and their biological basis, including issues related to contraindications, interactions, drug metabolism, and elimination. In addition, explain risks, benefits, and ethical implications for high-risk and exceptional treatment conditions.

Conclusion 
Summarize theories of psychiatric disease as they relate to principles of drug action within the chosen topic. Evaluate advantages and disadvantages of the current theory of the disorder and its treatment and evaluate any controversies regarding ethical and/or risk-benefits perspectives associated with the current treatment. Describe possible areas for future research.

Attention Students: The Masters of Arts in Psychology program is utilizing the Pathbrite portfolio tool as a repository for student scholarly work in the form of signature assignments completed within the program. After receiving feedback for this Critical Review, please implement any changes recommended by the instructor, go to Path rite  and upload the revised Critical Review to the portfolio. (Use the Pathbrite Quick-Start Guide  to create an account if you do not already have one.) The upload of signature assignments will take place after completing each course. Be certain to upload revised signature assignments throughout the program as the portfolio and its contents will be used in other courses and may be used by individual students as a professional resource tool. See the Pathbrite website for information and further instructions on using this portfolio tool. Rapid Review 3 of a Psychoactive Drug Paper – PSY 630

Writing the Critical Review

The paper:

• Must be 10 to 12 double-spaced pages in length (not including title and reference pages) and formatted according to APA style as outlined in the
• Must include a separate title page with the following:

o    Title of paper

o    Student’s name

o    Course name and number

o    Instructor’s name

o    Date submitted

• Must use at least five peer-reviewed sources in addition to the course text.
• Must document all sources in APA style as outlined in the Ashford Writing Center.

.Must include a separate reference page that is formatted according to APA style. Rapid Review 3 of a Psychoactive Drug Paper – PSY 630

PSY 630 Week 6 Quiz | Assignment Help | Ashford University

Question 1

In terms of organization, the DSM-5 now:

Question 2

A 2010 national survey on drug use suggests that _____ were more likely to experience mental health issues in the last year.

Question 3

Evidence from studies indicates that depression is best treated with: Rapid Review 3 of a Psychoactive Drug Paper – PSY 630

Question 4

MAO-A is associated with ______ neurons; MAO-B is associated with ______neurons.

Question 5

All of the following drugs are associated with drug-induced cognitive dysfunction, EXCEPT: Rapid Review 3 of a Psychoactive Drug Paper – PSY 630